This policy brief draws on a comparative case study of Uganda and Tanzania using documentary analysis conducted between January and July 2026. The review covered a wide range of literature and policy documents published between 1990 and 2026, capturing over three decades of decentralisation reforms and governance developments in the two countries. Sources examined included national constitutions and legal frameworks governing decentralisation, relevant local government laws and reform policies, government reports, donor evaluations, academic literature on decentralisation and governance reforms, and previous empirical studies focusing on Uganda and Tanzania.
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