Two of the most important global issues today are pervasive poverty and problems related to environmental degradation. The causal factors are complex (Leonard et al, 1989, Holmberg, 1991). There is considerable debate on the relationships between poverty and the environment. The “Brundtland Commission” brought to the forefront the links between development and the environment, concluding that “Poverty is a major cause and effect of global environmental problems…” (WCED, 1987). However, despite some cautions, there has been a tendency in Tanzania, like in many other developing countries to rush to simplistic relationships and the resulting interventions, be it in macroeconomics, livestock destocking or for that matter afforestation which do not bring appreciable positive changes to the people.